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Items in YIS Jira-project are build on the Programmes orProjects created in YPM (Yamaha Portfolio Board) . More detailed information about YPM setup can be found here: Jira training for Yamaha Portfolio Planning (YPM).
An Epic should always be linked to one of these, so it is clear which strategic initiative it's part of.

Explanation per  per issue type used in YIS:

AnEpic is a large feature, that is broken down into its component Stories by a scrum team.

AStory is a feature that can be tested separately, and is part of an Epic.

ADefect is a broken feature found during UAT and is part of a Story;direct failure or fault that is a direct consequences of the acceptance criteria found during User Acceptance Test on a Story. 

ASub-task is an activity that needs to be performed to complete a higher-level issue type. It's always part of another issue type.

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